Strategies to improve appetite and nutrition for elderly

As people age, their appetite can undergo changes due to various factors, including physiological, psychological, and environmental influences. Some of the common reasons why the elderly experience changes in appetite could be due to changes in metabolism, medications, digestive issues, loss of taste and smell, chronic illnesses and dental issues. Nutritional requirements differ based on age and gender. As individuals age, adjustments to their diet may be necessary to ensure optimal health. Generally, certain foods and beverages may need to be consumed in different proportions compared to earlier stages of life.

How to plan good mixed meals

Dietary diversity refers to a variety of different food groups consumed within a specific time frame, including grains, legumes, nuts, meat and fish, fruits, vegetables, and dairy products. Dietary diversity is crucial for maintaining both mental and physical health. A good mixed meal contains a variety of starchy foods such as rice, pasta, mash potatoes, split peas, lentils or beans, mixed with a portion of vegetables which should include leafy greens such as spinach, letters, broccoli and many others. A healthy portion plate should contain 50% vegetables, 20% Starch and 30% Protein.

The Importance of key Nutrients for Seniors

As you age, both your body and lifestyle undergo changes, and so do your nutritional needs to stay healthy. For instance, you may require fewer calories, but it’s still essential to obtain sufficient nutrients. Additionally, some older adults may need an increased intake of protein.

There are a few components deserving special attention :

Sufficient Protein for Senior Well-being

  • Sufficient protein in a senior’s diet is crucial for maintaining muscle mass, strength, and promoting wound healing. Aging naturally leads to a gradual loss of muscle mass, known as sarcopenia, but this can be mitigated through regular physical activity and adequate protein intake.
  • Fiber offers significant benefits for seniors, such as preventing constipation and aiding in weight management. Additionally, it helps regulate blood sugar levels and lower blood cholesterol.

Calcium and Vitamin D: Essential for Bone Health
Incorporating calcium-rich foods and vitamin D-fortified foods into the diet is crucial for preventing osteoporosis, a major health concern for seniors, especially women.

Vitamin B12 Absorption a Challenge for Senior Bodies
Elderly individuals often struggle to absorb vitamin B12 from food. This vitamin is essential for maintaining nerve function and producing red blood cells. In such cases, supplementation or fortified foods such as eggs, milk, yogurt can be beneficial.

Practical Tips for improved nutrition in Seniors
  • Include nutrient-dense, colorful fruits and vegetables in the diet, such as spinach, kale, carrots, bell peppers, berries, and citrus fruits.
  • Incorporate healthy fats into your daily meals by including avocados, fatty fish like salmon and mackerel, and a variety of nuts such as almonds, walnuts, and pistachios. These sources of healthy fats are rich in omega-3 fatty acids, which are beneficial for heart health and overall well-being.
  • Hydrate regularly with water, herbal tea or fruit-infused water
  • Opt for lean protein sources such as skinless chicken breast, fish rich in omega-3 fatty acids like salmon and trout, and legumes such as lentils and chickpeas. These protein options provide essential nutrients while being lower in saturated fats, promoting heart health and weight management.
  • Consider supplementing nutrients like B12, D, and calcium when obtaining them naturally proves to be difficult.
Tips on Improving elderly peoples appetite

Creating a routine
Establishing a consistent daily routine for meals and snacks, consumed at regular intervals, can help the body anticipate and respond to hunger cues. With aging, individuals may experience a decline in the ability to discern true hunger, potentially resulting in meal refusal.

Make meals social
Sharing meals with friends fosters conversation and can sometimes lead individuals to eat mindlessly, without paying attention to what they are consuming. For some seniors, a pleasant environment accompanied by music during meals can enhance their dining experience.

Smaller Portions
Seniors may often find themselves overwhelmed when presented with large servings of food. Rather than serving meals on large plates, consider offering smaller portions on smaller plates, which can still appear satisfying. Another approach is to transition to a daily routine consisting of five smaller meals instead of three larger ones.

Healthy Snacking
Snacking between meals can effectively stimulate appetite and even boost metabolism. Opting for nutritious snacks such as hard-boiled eggs, avocados, or mixed nuts can provide seniors with a quick energy boost.

Exercise
Engaging in aerobic, strenuous, or fast-paced workouts typically reduces appetite. Conversely, activities like walking often stimulate an increased appetite.

Conclusion

The nutritional quality of the diet significantly influences the health and well-being of older adults. A balanced intake of legumes, dairy products, and protein-rich foods is crucial for promoting longevity and is associated with weight management, optimal digestive function, and the prevention of micronutrient deficiencies. Given the numerous health advantages associated with dietary diversity, it is essential to encourage older adults to incorporate a wide range of foods into their daily eating habits.

Seniors should consult with their doctors or a licensed dietician when it comes to their dietary and healthcare needs.

At Lonehill Manor, we understand the importance of having a balanced meal, this is why we have dedicated kitchen staff in our restaurant / lounge to cater to your needs. Are you looking to become part of the Lonehill Manor family? Contact Lonehill Manor Retirement Village to book your viewing of our amazing estate today!